和事
和歌
Classical Japanese poetry composed in 31 syllables (5-7-5-7-7 pattern). Waka verses frequently appear inscribed on ukiyo-e prints, particularly on surimono (privately commissioned prints) and bijin-ga, adding literary depth and cultural refinement to the artwork.
和紙
Traditional Japanese paper made from the inner bark of the kozo (mulberry) tree, mitsumata, or gampi plants. Washi's long, intertwined fibers create exceptional strength and absorbency, essential qualities for woodblock printing. The finest ukiyo-e used high-quality hosho paper.
渡辺
The Watanabe publishing house, led by Shozaburo Watanabe (1885-1962), was the principal publisher of the shin-hanga movement. Watanabe revived traditional ukiyo-e collaborative techniques while incorporating Western influences, publishing works by artists like Hasui Kawase and Ito Shinsui.