暈し
ばれん/バレン
A circular pressing pad made from bamboo sheath and cord, used to transfer ink from the woodblock to paper. The printer applies pressure in a circular motion, and the quality of the baren significantly affects the print's clarity and ink saturation. Master printers often made their own baren.
紅絵
Early hand-colored prints from the 1720s-1740s, distinguished by their use of beni (safflower red) as the primary color. Artists applied the pigment by hand after printing the key block in black ink, creating prints with a warm, distinctive palette.
紅摺絵
Limited-color prints emphasizing red (beni), often combined with one or two additional colors (e.g., blue/yellow), in use in the 1740s-1760s (pre-nishiki-e). This technique represented a crucial stepping stone between hand-colored prints and full-color nishiki-e.